In the context of the global response to the challenges of energy conservation and carbon emissions, lightweight has become an important trend in the development of metal materials. Recently, the high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel new material developed by the Stainless Steel Research Institute of JISCO Hongxing was successfully rolled at the new material research and development pilot base of the technology center, which means that JISCO has made a breakthrough in the process technology and product research of high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel.
Stainless steel materials is a key base material in the industrial field. Traditional stainless steel has a large specific gravity and high cost. Its application in some fields is limited. It faces the dual challenges of maintaining excellent performance and meeting lightweight requirements. As a new type of material, high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel can achieve a lower specific gravity and improved performance by adding an appropriate amount of aluminum to steel. When the aluminum content reaches about 10wt%, the specific gravity of the steel can be reduced by 15%, and a dense Al₂O₃ oxide film is formed, thereby improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the material.
The application of high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel in the fields of automobiles, aerospace, high-speed trains, etc. can effectively reduce energy consumption, improve energy efficiency, significantly reduce carbon emissions, and help achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.
It is understood that some countries have carried out relevant research and trial production of this material, but due to the complexity and diversity of the second phase compounds in steel and the difficulty of organizational control, the large-scale application of high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel still faces many challenges. Despite this, JISCO R&D personnel resolutely devoted themselves to the research and development of high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel, determined to overcome this technical difficulty.
Accurate composition design is the key to the successful trial production of high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel. "When the aluminum content of high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel exceeds 10wt%, a large amount of coarsened hard and brittle phase к-carbides will be formed, which will reduce the ductility of high-aluminum steel and easily cause cracking of steel plates during hot rolling." To solve this problem, JISCO R&D personnel have conducted in-depth research on relevant technologies in various countries, combined with JISCO's production equipment and process characteristics to conduct multiple tests and explorations, starting from the precise ratio of alloy components, while ensuring that the aluminum content is maintained at a high level to achieve the lightweight goal, the content of elements such as carbon, manganese, and chromium is finely adjusted, trying to find a delicate balance to inhibit the formation of harmful phases and ensure the strength, processing performance and corrosion resistance of the material.
Not only that, the R&D personnel studied different heat treatment states and determined the optimal heat treatment temperature, time and cooling method. During the heat treatment process, the heating rate and cooling rate are precisely controlled, and the precise control of the material microstructure is successfully achieved, so that the material has good toughness and plasticity while maintaining high strength, meeting the actual application needs.
After unremitting exploration and efforts, the R&D personnel finally successfully overcame the problem of steel plate cracking during the hot rolling of high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel and achieved successful trial production. According to relevant performance tests, compared with common 304 stainless steel and 430 stainless steel, high-aluminum lightweight stainless steel has significantly lower density, achieving the goal of lightweight, and its overall performance is even better.
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